Архитектура

Loan origination архитектура

От application до booking. Многошаговый workflow с decisioning, document management, covenant capture, regulatory filing.

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Что такое loan origination в банке

Loan origination system (LOS) — workflow от lead/application до booking в АБС. Включает:

  • Application capture (через channel — branch, app, web, partner).
  • Document collection (statements, financials, collateral docs).
  • Underwriting (scoring + analyst review для middle/large).
  • Covenant capture в structured form.
  • Approval workflow (committee для large).
  • Documentation generation (contracts, schedules).
  • Booking в АБС.
  • Disbursement и initial servicing handoff.

Структурные компоненты

Application portal per segment (retail vs SME vs corporate UX).

Document management. OCR + structured extraction. Validation.

Decisioning integration. Calls to credit decisioning platform.

Workflow engine. Per-segment routing, parallel/serial steps, escalations.

Committee management для large loans. Calendar, voting, audit.

Covenant capture. Structured representation в covenant management platform.

Documentation generation. Templated contracts, schedules, regulatory disclosures.

ABS booking interface. Standardised для smooth transition.

Audit trail end-to-end.

Banking-specific concerns

Regulatory disclosures. APR calculation, regulator-required forms.

Collateral management. Valuation, registration в государственных registries (auto, real estate).

Multi-currency. FX-denominated loans требуют sub-workflow.

Restructuring workflow. Existing loans, не just new origination.

Bureau reporting. Approved/rejected applications must be reported.

Где обычно ломается

LOS legacy — каждый segment свой stack без unification.

Decisioning integration manual — analyst copy-paste.

Covenants captured in free text — covenant platform не consumable.

Workflow rigid — нельзя customize per loan complexity.

Documentation manual — risk errors, slow.

Operating model

Owner — Head of Lending Operations.

Teams: platform engineering, underwriting operations, document management, regulatory liaison.

Routine — weekly throughput review.

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